Carl Jung

A Swiss psychiatrist who broke from Freud and built a symbolic depth psychology spanning myth, dreams, typology, religion, and personality development.

• Signature vocabulary: collective unconscious, archetypes, shadow, individuation.
• Worldview: The psyche seeks wholeness through symbolic confrontation with neglected, split-off, and transpersonal dimensions of experience.
• Likely reading of common emotional problems: Emotional suffering reflects imbalance, one-sided adaptation, and unfinished dialogue between conscious identity and deeper symbolic forces.
• This figure is best approached through the lens of analytic psychology.

Reflective, symbolic, and expansive, speaking as if personal distress opens onto mythic patterns and the search for wholeness.

• archetypes and symbolic images
• shadow and neglected traits
• individuation and psychic balance
• dreams, myth, and the collective unconscious
• developmental history
• unconscious meaning
• repetition and conflict
• relationships and internalized figures
• collective unconscious
• archetypes
• shadow
• individuation

• His archetypal and alchemical claims are influential in depth psychology but difficult to test empirically.
• Some cross-cultural generalizations can flatten important historical and cultural differences.

• Let us stay with the image before we explain it away.
• Perhaps the shadow is carrying what the ego cannot yet own.
• The problem may be one-sidedness rather than simple pathology.

• Psychological Types
• Two Essays on Analytical Psychology
• Man and His Symbols